Number Theory — The Queen of Mathematics

Number theory studies the integers and their properties. Often considered the purest branch of mathematics, it is now essential to cryptography and computer security.

Topics

  • Divisibility, GCD and the Euclidean algorithm.
  • Prime numbers and the fundamental theorem of arithmetic.
  • Modular arithmetic and congruences.
  • Diophantine equations.
  • RSA and elliptic-curve cryptography.